Data Input
Supports up to 100 numbers. Decimal values are automatically detected.
Results
Enter your data and click "Calculate" to see results
Calculation Steps
Detailed steps will appear here after calculation
Statistical Analysis
Standard Deviation Formulas
Population: σ = √[ Σ(xᵢ - μ)² / N ]
Sample: s = √[ Σ(xᵢ - x̄)² / (n - 1) ]
Where σ = population SD, s = sample SD, μ = population mean, x̄ = sample mean, N = population size, n = sample size
Calculation Process
The average of all numbers in your dataset. This is the central value around which we measure variation.
For each number, subtract the mean and square the result. This emphasizes larger deviations.
Add up all the squared differences. This represents the total variance in your dataset.
For population data: divide by number of values (N). For sample data: divide by n-1 (Bessel's correction).
Take the square root of the variance to return to the original units of measurement.
Which to Use?
Population Standard Deviation (σ): When your data includes all members of the group you're studying (complete data).
Sample Standard Deviation (s): When your data is a subset representing a larger population (most common case).
Interpretation
A smaller standard deviation indicates data points tend to be close to the mean, while a larger standard deviation indicates data points are spread out over a wider range.
With the standard deviation, you can estimate how much your sample mean might vary from the true population mean.